Sanctuary-lamp.



. MULLER-THW.

sAucruAHY LAMP. APPLICATION FILED NOV- 5. 1191.1.

Patented J une 18, 1918.

INVENTOR 4- l/Zzz/er-ym 4 f f f l l 1/////////////////,,//zff/f/n//l/f//f/////////////f ATTORNEY UnirnnsfrArEs PATENT. orrioii- BERNARD MULLER-TI-IYM, OF KANSAS CITY,MISSOURI.

sANcrUARY-LAMP.

Speeicaton of Letters Patent. Patented J une 18, 1918.

Application led November 5, 1917. Seria1No.200,453.

distinguished from the highly refined rapeseed oilmad'e in France andnow impossible to obtain. f

Heretofore such common oils have been successfully burned for fromtwelve to twenty-four hours when used in conjunction with afloat-supported wax taper, after which the flame would be `extinguishedeither throughY the' consumption of the wick or the deposit of carbonthereon. It has been unsuccessfully attempted to burn such commonstrictly vegetable oils by surrounding a wick standing` in a vesselcharged with thel oil, with a floating burner, so that as the oil isconsumed, the floating burner shall descend and thus gradually expose a`new or uncharred portion of the wick tothe flame. This idea has provedfallacious however, as with such oils, a crust or carbon deposit formson the wick below the flame and prevents the latter spreading downwardland therefore in a short time, effects the extinguishment of the flame.

Lamps of the type under coiisid'eration are properly for burningstrictly vegetable oils only, and I have found that such oilswhich willnot burnvwithout a taper or wick-produce a crust or deposit on the wickjust below the flame, which deposit in a relatively short period causesthe extinguishment of the flame, as above stated. With a wick or taperwhich moves upwardly through the oil, I have overcome this difficulty,as the crust which forms on the wick, passes up through the flametherefrom and does not extinguish the same, but on the contrary isburned olf the wick. This elimination of the crust or deposit isdesirable in the interest of compactness, as it permits of the use of ashort endless wick of asbestos or analogous material for travel oversuitable guides and through the oil, or of a wick susceptible of beingunwound from a drum submerged in the oil and upon a drum above the oil,after it has performed its function as a wick.

Vith the object mentioned in view, the in= vention consists in certainnovel and useful'- features of construction and combinations of" partsas vhereinafter described and claimed" and in order that it may beYfully understood reference is to be had to the accom-Y panying drawing,in which Figure l, is a central vertical section ofa sanctuary lampembodying my invention. Fig. 2, is a top plan wview-of same.

' Fig. 3, is a view partially in elevation and partly in verticalsection, of another fogrmof the lamp.

Fig. a, is a vertical section of the wick or taper and feeding mechanismtherefor, of a slightly different type from the kcorresponding parts ofFigs. 1 and 3. i

n the said drawing, where-like` reference characters identifycorresponding parts, lff

indicates a vessel of any suitable or preferred type and of capacity tohold enough l predetermined period, eightY oil to burn for aY days forinstance.

Arranged within the vessel is agrwicjskj stretching member or weight 2vand Journaledf* on said weight is a wheel or drum 3 around whichextends a wick 4 'of any suitable nonconibustible material, such asasbestos'orY fire-proofed cotton. This wick in all cases extends upthrough the oil in the vessel-and in Figs. l and 3 the wick is in theform of an endless cable, and in Fig. 1 the wickextends over and arounda grooved sheave 5, journaled on a cross-shaft or rod 6 secured bybearing cap 7 to a ring 8 fitting upon'the upper end of the vessel. InFig. 3 the wick is also an endless wick. and at the upper endy of thevessel engages a spirally grooved sleeve 9 secured upon the shaft 10 ofa clock work (not shown) the clockwork being operated ata predeterminedspeed found by experience to give the best yresults in controlling thesize of the flame, as it is desirable from an economic standpoint thatthe flame shall be as small as possible. It will be understood of coursethat the groove of the sleeve shall be of such length that the wickshall not be materially shifted along the length of the sleeve by thetime the wick has traveled a distance equal to its length and thereforeexposed its entire surface to the action of the flame. I have found thatthe speed of travel of the Wick should vary according to the characterof oil employed,

iio

moving faster for light oils than when used with heavy oils, and I havealso found that the use of a wick of this character is practical withcommon strictly vegetable oils, which is not true of the type of lampemploying a stationary wick and a floating burner, as the latter willburn successfully only with a highly refined French rapeseed oil.

In Fig. A I show 4a drum 11, mounted upon the clockwork shaft 10, and inthis construction the wheel 3 is also in the form of a drum with thewick initially wound thereon and attached at its upper end to drum 11.so that as the latter is turned, the wick will be gradually unwound fromdrum 3 and wound upon drum 11.

In all cases that portion of the wick that moves upwardly, from thesurface of the oil, is ignited. In the initial part of the operation,the flame will be elongated owing to the fact that the wick by capillaryattraetion is impregnated with oil for a considerable distance above thesurface of the body of oil in the vessel, but in a short time the flameis reduced and remains reduced in size during the entire period ofservice. I have found in all cases that the wick at the point where itemerges from the body of oil, becomes coated with a hard crust-likescale but that such scale by the time the wick carries it nearly to thetop of the flame is burned 0E, so that it can form no impediment to theproper travel of the wick over the wheel 5 or the spirally groovedsleeve 9, or the drum 11.

I have found, that the lamp operates very successfully in the mannerdescribed without the use of any burner, though a burner may be employedif the most economical consumption of oil is desired, and in F ig. 1, Iillustrate a burner which is constructed as follows:

12 indicates a float set in the oil and provided with a central tubularportion 13, within which the oil stands and through which the upwardlymoving portion of the wick extends, and supported in the tubular portionof the fioat is a burner cap 14e, having a central opening 15 at its topthrough which the wick extends, and a series of air intake inlet holes16 through which air may enter and be heated to make the oil within thetubular portion sufficiently limpi d to freely ascend the taper or wickto the burning point thereof.

Frein the foregoing it will be apparent that I have produced a lamppossessing the features of advantage enumerated as desirable in thestatement of the object of the invention, and while I have illustratedand described the preferred embodiments of the invention, it will beunderstood that I reserve the right to all changes of form, proportion,detail construction and arrangement of parts that properly fall withinthe spirit and scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A sanctuary lamp, comprising a vessel, a wick extending through oilin the vessel, and means for suspending the wick from a point above thehighest range of the flame therefrom.

2. A sanctuary lamp, comprising a vessel, a wick extending through oilin the vessel, means for suspending the wick from a point above thehighest range of the flame therefrom, and means for holding the wick instretched condition.

3. A sanctuary lamp,.comprising a. vessel, a wick extending through oilin the vessel, means for suspending thefwick from a point above thehighest range of the flame therefrom, and automatic means for impartingupward travel to the wick.

4:. A sanctuary lamp, comprising a vessel, a wick extending through oilin the vessel, means for suspending the wick from a point above thehighest range of the flame there-` from, means for holding the wick instretched condition, and means for imparting upward travel to the wick.

5. A sanctuary lamp, comprising a. vessel, a support above the level ofoil contained by the vessel, a weight within the vessel, a wickextending through the oil in the vessel and connected to the saidsupport and weight and held taut by the latter, and means to operate thesupport to effect the feed of the wick upward from the weight to andupon the said support.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto affix my signature this 26th day ofOctober, 1917, at Kansas City, Jackson county, hfissouri.

BERNARD MULLER-TIIYM.

Copies of this patent may 'ne obtained for ve cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

